Simple Present Tense
adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk:
- Menyatakan sesuatu sesuai dengan kenyataannya yang seringkali disebut sebagai general truth.
Contoh:
·
The sun rises in the east. (Matahari terbit dari timur)
·
Birds have wings. (Burung memiliki sayap)
·
Etc.
- Menyatakan aktivitas yang dilakukan secara teratur atau merupakan suatu kebiasaan (habitual).
Contoh:
·
I always get up early in the morning.
·
Father buys newspaper every morning.
·
Etc.
Ditinjau
dari predicate-nya, kalimat dibedakan
menjadi 2, yaitu Kalimat Verbal (Verbal
Sentence) dan Kalimat Nominal (Nominal
Sentence). Berikut adalah pengertian dan pola-pola kalimatnya dalam bentuk Simple Present Tense.
VERBAL
SENTENCE
Verbal sentence
(Kalimat Verbal) adalah kalimat yang predikatnya berupa kata kerja (verb).
→
I, You, They, We, The cats, some chairs, etc.
+
|
I sweep the floor.
S + V1
|
-
|
They do not sweep the floor.
S + DO + NOT + V1
|
+?
|
Do
you sweep the floor?
DO
+
S + V1
|
-?
|
Don’t
they sweep the floor?
DON’T
+ S + V1
Do
they not sweep the floor?
DO
+ S + NOT + V1
|
AS+WH?
|
Who sweeps the floor?
QW + V1 + S/ES/IES
|
AS-WH?
|
Who doesn’t sweep the floor?
QW + DOESN’T + V1
|
AOPC+WH?
|
What time do you usually sweep the floor?
QW + DO + S + V1
|
AOPC-WH?
|
Why don’t they sweep the floor?
QW + DON’T + S + V1
Why do they not sweep the floor?
QW + DO + S + NOT + V1
|
→
He, She, It, John, A Cat, etc.
+
|
She sweeps the floor.
He watches television.
The baby cries.
S + V1 + S/ES/IES
|
-
|
Ana does not sweep the floor.
S + DOES + NOT + V1
|
+?
|
Does
the baby cry?
DOES
+ S + V1
|
-?
|
Doesn’t
Ana sweep the floor?
DOESN’T
+ S + V1
Does
Ana not sweep the floor?
DOES
+ S + NOT + V1
|
AS+WH?
|
Who sweeps the floor?
QW + V1 + S/ES/IES
|
AS-WH?
|
Who doesn’t sweep the floor?
QW + DOESN’T + V1
|
AOPC+WH?
|
What time does she sweep the floor?
QW + DOES + S + V1
|
AOPC-WH?
|
Why doesn’t Ana sweep the floor?
QW + DOESN’T + S + V1
Why does Ana not sweep the floor?
QW + DOES + S + NOT + V1
|
NOMINAL
SENTENCE
Nominal
sentence (Kalimat Nominal) adalah kalimat yang predikatnya berupa SELAIN KATA
KERJA. Mungkin predikatnya berupa noun
(kata benda), adjective (kata sifat),
adverb (kata keterangan).
REMEMBER!!!
Seluruh
kalimat nominal dalam Bahasa Inggris pasti ada to be -nya. Tetapi tidak semua kalimat yang ada to be -nya itu kalimat nominal. Bentuk to
be harus sesuai dengan tense-nya,
misalnya: Simple Present to be -nya:
am/is/are, untuk Simple Past to be -nya:
was/were, dsb.
To be
yang digunakan dalam Simple Present Tense: am/is/are.
am
→ I → I am/I’m
is
→ He/She/It → He is/He’s, She is/She’s, It is/It’s
are
→ You/They/We → You are/You’re, They are/They’re, We are/We’re
+
|
We are student.
I am a doctor.
The building is very
high.
S + IS/AM/ARE + ……
|
-
|
The room is not clean.
S + IS/AM/ARE + NOT + ……
|
+?
|
Is the building very high?
IS/AM/ARE + S + ……
|
-?
|
Isn’t the room clean?
ISN’T/AREN’T + S + ……
Is the room not clean?
IS/AM/ARE + S +
NOT + ……
|
AS+WH?
|
What is very high?
QW + IS/ARE + ……
|
AS-WH?
|
What isn’t clean?
QW + ISN’T/AREN’T + ……
|
AOPC+WH?
|
How is the building?
QW + IS/AM/ARE + S + ……
|
AOPC-WH?
|
How isn’t the room?
QW + ISN’T/AREN’T + S + ……
How is the room not?
QW + IS/AM/ARE + S + NOT + ……
|
Keterangan:
+
|
Positive Statement/Kalimat Pernyataan Positif
|
-
|
Negative Statement/Kalimat Pernyataan Negatif
|
+?
|
Positive – Interrogative – Yes/No Question
|
-?
|
Negative – Interrogative – Yes/No Question
|
AS+WH?
|
Asking Subject – Positive – Information Question
|
AS-WH?
|
Asking Subject – Negative – Information Question
|
AOPC+WH?
|
Asking Object/Predicate/Complement – Positive – Information Question
|
AOPC-WH?
|
Asking Object/Predicate/Complement – Negative – Information Question
|
ADVERBS yang digunakan:
- always
- usually
- ever
- never
- sometimes
- every week
- once a month
- etc.
Ref:
Iksanudin. 2011. The Pattern of the Verb Tenses: ACTIVE VOICE.
Ambarini, Yuke Hilma. 2007. Ringkasan dan bank Soal Bahasa Inggris untuk SMP/MTs. Bandung: Yrama Widya.
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